HAMenene cutar ALS? Alamomi da tsari
Menene cutar ALS?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ko ALS, wani rukuni ne mai wuyar kamuwa da cututtukan jijiyoyin da ke haifar da farko daga lalacewa ga ƙwayoyin jijiya da ke da alhakin sarrafa motsin tsoka na son rai. tsokoki na son rai suna da alhakin motsi kamar taunawa, tafiya da magana. Cutar ALS tana ci gaba kuma alamun cututtuka suna daɗa tabarbarewa akan lokaci. A yau, babu zaɓuɓɓukan magani don dakatar da ci gaban ALS ko samar da cikakkiyar magani, amma bincike kan wannan batu ya ci gaba.
Menene alamun ALS?
Alamun farko na ALS suna bayyana kansu daban-daban a cikin marasa lafiya daban-daban. Yayin da mutum ɗaya zai iya samun wahalar riƙe alkalami ko kofi, wani yana iya samun matsala ta magana. ALS cuta ce wacce yawanci ke ci gaba a hankali.
Yawan ci gaban cutar ya bambanta sosai daga majiyyaci zuwa mai haƙuri. Kodayake matsakaicin lokacin rayuwa ga marasa lafiya na ALS shine shekaru 3 zuwa 5, yawancin marasa lafiya na iya rayuwa shekaru 10 ko fiye.
Mafi yawan alamun farko a cikin ALS sune:
- Yin tuntuɓe yayin tafiya,
- Wahalar ɗaukar kaya,
- Rashin magana,
- Matsalolin haɗiye,
- Crams da taurin tsokoki,
- Wahalhalun da ake samu wajen tsayar da kai na iya zama kamar haka.
ALS na iya fara shafar hannu ɗaya kawai. Ko kuma kuna iya samun matsala da ƙafa ɗaya kawai, yana sa da wuya a yi tafiya a madaidaiciyar layi. A tsawon lokaci, kusan dukkanin tsokoki da kuke sarrafawa suna fama da cutar. Wasu gabobin, irin su zuciya da tsokoki na mafitsara, sun kasance cikin koshin lafiya.
Yayin da ALS ke daɗaɗawa, ƙarin tsokoki sun fara nuna alamun cutar. Ƙarin alamun cutar sun haɗa da:
- Mugun rauni a cikin tsokoki,
- Rage yawan ƙwayar tsoka,
- Akwai alamomi kamar yawan taunawa da matsalolin haɗiye.
Menene dalilan ALS?
Ana gadon cutar daga iyaye a kashi 5 zuwa 10% na lokuta, yayin da wasu ba a iya gano dalilin da ya sa ba. Dalilai masu yiwuwa a cikin wannan rukunin marasa lafiya:
maye gurbi . Maye gurbi daban-daban na iya haifar da ALS na gado, wanda ke haifar da alamun kusan iri ɗaya da nauin da ba na gado ba.
Rashin daidaituwar sinadarai . Ƙara yawan matakan glutamate, wanda aka samo a cikin kwakwalwa da ayyuka don ɗaukar saƙonnin sinadarai, an gano shi a cikin mutanen da ke da ALS. Bincike ya nuna cewa yawan glutamate yana haifar da lalacewa ga ƙwayoyin jijiya.
Amsar rigakafi mara kyau . Wani lokaci tsarin garkuwar jikin mutum na iya kai hari ga kwayoyin halittar jikinsu na yau da kullun, wanda ya kai ga mutuwar kwayoyin jijiyoyi.
Matsanancin tarawa na sunadaran . Siffofin wasu sunadaran sunadaran da ke cikin ƙwayoyin jijiya sannu a hankali suna taruwa a cikin tantanin halitta kuma suna lalata ƙwayoyin.
Ta yaya ake gano cutar ALS?
Cutar tana da wuyar ganewa a farkon matakan; domin alamomin na iya kwaikwayi wasu cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiya. Wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da su don yin watsi da wasu sharuɗɗa:
- Electromyogram (EMG)
- Nazarin tafiyar da jijiya
- Hoto na Magnetic Resonance Hoto (MRI)
- Gwajin jini da fitsari
- Huda lumbar (tsarin cire ruwa daga kashin baya ta hanyar saka allura a cikin kugu)
- Tsoka biopsy
Menene hanyoyin magance ALS?
Jiyya ba za su iya gyara lalacewar da cutar ta yi ba; amma zai iya rage ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka, hana rikitarwa, kuma ya sa majiyyaci ya fi jin dadi da zaman kanta. Wannan zai iya tsawaita rayuwar ku kuma ya inganta rayuwar ku. Ana amfani da hanyoyi irin su magunguna daban-daban, gyaran jiki da gyaran jiki, maganin magana, kayan abinci mai gina jiki, jiyya na tunanin mutum da zamantakewa a cikin jiyya.
Akwai magunguna daban-daban guda biyu, Riluzole da Edaravone, waɗanda FDA ta amince da su don maganin ALS. Riluzole yana jinkirta ci gaban cutar a wasu mutane. Yana samun wannan tasiri ta hanyar rage matakan maajin sinadarai da ake kira glutamate, wanda galibi ana samunsa a matakan girma a cikin kwakwalwar masu fama da ALS. Riluzole magani ne da ake sha da baki ta hanyar kwaya. Ana ba da Edaravone ga majiyyaci ta cikin jini kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Baya ga waɗannan magunguna guda biyu, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar magunguna daban-daban don kawar da alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su ciwon tsoka, maƙarƙashiya, gajiya, yawan salivation, matsalolin barci, da damuwa.